🧠Evaluation knowledge

What is a virtual machine?

A virtual machine (VM) is software that simulates a complete computer system and can run programs as if it were a real physical computer. It allows the creation of multiple isolated, simulated environments or dedicated resources from a single physical hardware system. VMs enable running different operating systems simultaneously on the same physical machine.

Why did you choose Debian?

Debian is recommended for this project for several reasons:

• Beginner-friendly: The subject specifically mentions that Debian is easier for newcomers to system administration

• Extensive documentation: There are many tutorials and resources available for Debian

• Stability: Debian is known for its stability and reliability

• Community support: Large community with helpful documentation and forums

• Package management: APT package manager is intuitive and well-documented

What is the purpose of virtual machines?

Virtual machines serve several important purposes:

• Isolation: Provide secure, isolated environments for testing and development

• Resource efficiency: Allow multiple OS instances on a single physical machine

• Platform independence: Enable running different operating systems on the same hardware

• Disaster recovery: Easy backup and restoration of entire system states

• Development and testing: Safe environments for experimenting without affecting the host system

• Legacy support: Run older operating systems and applications

Differences between apt and aptitude

Both are package management tools for Debian-based systems, but they have key differences:

APT (Advanced Package Tool):

• Lower-level package manager

• Command-line interface only

• Faster and more lightweight

• Used by default in most scripts and automation

Aptitude:

• Higher-level package manager built on top of APT

• Offers both command-line and text-based user interface

• Better dependency resolution

• More interactive features and detailed package information

• Smarter handling of orphaned packages

• More user-friendly for interactive use

What is AppArmor?

AppArmor (Application Armor) is a Linux security module that provides Mandatory Access Control (MAC) security. Key features:

• Application confinement: Restricts programs' capabilities and access to system resources

• Profile-based: Uses security profiles to define what resources applications can access

• Path-based: Controls access based on file paths

• Default deny: Applications can only access explicitly allowed resources

• Complements traditional permissions: Works alongside standard Linux file permissions

What is LVM?

LVM (Logical Volume Manager) is a device mapper framework that provides logical volume management for the Linux kernel. Key benefits:

Flexibility:

• Dynamic resizing of partitions without unmounting

• Easy management of storage across multiple physical devices

• Snapshot creation for backups

Structure:

• Physical Volumes (PV): Physical hard drives or partitions

• Volume Groups (VG): Collections of physical volumes

• Logical Volumes (LV): Virtual partitions that can span multiple physical volumes

Advantages over traditional partitioning:

• Resize partitions on-the-fly

• Move data between storage devices

• Create snapshots for consistent backups

• Stripe data across multiple devices for performance

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